After a bloody resistance in the last months of 1862, General Ulysses S. Grant, who commanded the Union Army of Tennessee, decided to transfer his army across the Mississippi River to Louisiana. The final phase included a hard campaign against the Confederates at the Battle of Vicksburg, Mississippi, in late August / early September 1862. He arrived in Jackson in early October to take responsibility for the dire predicament of Confederates in Mississippi. Grant then initiated a diversion that eventually allowed him to bring the army from Vickburg to Louisiana across the river.

Soldiers from the north and south served in mud ditches trying to preserve the vital supply arteries that ran through Texas. Soldiers like President Jefferson Davis, whose Confederate plantation house south of Vicksburg, clearly saw why the city was worth defending. On the other hand, Jefferson Davis, the president, consistently directed Pemberton to protect Vickburg from danger. Unlike politicians and traders, farmers did not like the idea that the river should be closed off with Confederate artillery pouring over the banks where the water was flowing for the Confederacy, but they did.

After Vicksburg surrendered, the second Texas infantry was transferred to Texas to release prisoners of war. Grant earned the nickname "Unconditional Surrender" for bluntly offering the conditions to the Confederate garrison at Fort Donelson, Tennessee.

The regiment was reassembled and transferred to Corinth, Mississippi, to become part of the Mississippi Army, organized by General Albert Sidney Johnston. It was put under the command of Lt. Col. Robert E. Lee, a native Texan, before being replaced in November 1863. By taking Vicksburg, the Confederates were able to move their own troops and supplies across the Transmississippi River and the Mississippi River Valley into the Deep South. This formed the basis for the Confederate Army's ability to hold the Trans Mississ Mississippi with the manpower and material needed by the other Southern military machines.

Lee's Northern Virginia army was forced to retreat to Pennsylvania and would never go on the offensive again. Together, Johnston said, the Army of Confederate Grants could defeat troops and move their troops to other vulnerable points of the Confederacy. The Confederate cavalry fought back, cutting Grant's "long supply line" to force him to retreat, and allowing the Confederates to relocate men to defeat the Union Army's supply lines to the Deep South and the city of Vicksburg. After the Union armies had overrun the cities in the north, east and south, a large-scale war broke out in Vickersburg within a few days.

Some of the Confederate lines were abolished, some marked with the impressive monuments of the Lone Star State. Confederate General James E. Lee and his men were put in position in Confederate uniforms, and the paint was pinned to the walls of their barracks.

They were shown with their faces in battle, their arms in front of their heads and their hands in the air, as they were depicted on the walls of the barracks of the Confederate General.

The defense of Vicksburg and Port Hudson fell to Lt. Gen. John Pemberton, who was a Pennsylvanian by birth but sided with the South at the urging of his wife, a Virginian. The next day, July 4, 1863, the capitulation was completed and the Union troops took control of the city. The Confederate troops withdrew from Vickersburg, but the road out of the city led Grant's army to the east, so the troops moved south, hoping to beat - and thus protect - the Yankees in Vickburg. When Pembrach's discouraged army came to Vickingburg, many women, children, and other noncombatants tried to leave, and many had to return.

The mood was somber as Texas and Mississippi joined forces to honor the Texans who served in the Battle of Raymond. In a proud moment for the city's mayor, Raymond Mayor Isla Tullos was presented with the Texas flag that recently flew at the Alamo. The Texas flag was received by the mayor of Vickersburg and his family and other members of his community.

The extensive list includes the famous Vicksburg National Military Park, which includes a restored Union gunboat, the Vickersburg Naval Station and a number of other historic sites. In 1899, Confederate veteran Stephen Dill Lee oversaw the construction of the Confederate National Cemetery, which was transferred to the National Park Service in 1933. On May 1, Grant won the Battle of Port Gibson and marched on the vital supply lines that connect Vickburg to Jackson. Then came the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, a battle in which he was involved alongside the Confederates at a point north of VICKBURG, called Chick asaw Bayou, on May 2, 1863.